The Science of Effective Studying

____ means spreading study sessions out over time rather than cramming.

• Spaced repetition
• Blocked practice
• Active recall
• Interleaving

Who published the 1885 memory experiments using nonsense syllables?

• Robert Bjork
• Sebastian Leitner
• Hermann Ebbinghaus
• Henry Roediger

What did Ebbinghaus's 'forgetting curve' show?

• Fast early forgetting
• Faster forgetting later
• No forgetting
• Steady forgetting

Studying one hour on four days beats four hours in one sitting.

• True
• False

Who invented the Leitner flashcard system?

• Robert Bjork
• Hermann Ebbinghaus
• Jeffrey Karpicke
• Sebastian Leitner

Actively pulling information out of memory is called active ____.

• spacing
• styles
• recall
• rereading

Rereading notes and highlighting produce strong long-term learning.

• True
• False

The benefit of self-testing over restudying is called the:

• Learning style
• Testing effect
• Spacing effect
• Forgetting curve

Which pair ran the well-known 2008 vocabulary testing study?

• Karpicke & Bjork
• Ebbinghaus & Leitner
• Karpicke & Roediger
• Bjork & Leitner

Mixing different problem types within a session is called ____.

• cramming
• highlighting
• interleaving
• blocked practice

Practicing one skill in a long block is called:

• Blocked practice
• Retrieval practice
• Interleaving
• Spacing

Who coined the term 'desirable difficulties'?

• Hermann Ebbinghaus
• Jeffrey Karpicke
• Sebastian Leitner
• Robert Bjork

Research strongly supports teaching to students' learning styles.

• True
• False

Brain imaging shows people use only ten percent of their brains.

• True
• False

Multitasking while studying weakens memory rather than saving time.

• True
• False